Periodontics is the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal (gum) disease and the maintenance of periodontal health thereafter. Periodontal disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in the adult population. It is often painless and the patient may be unaware of any problems until it reaches advanced stages. If necessary, your dentist will refer you to a periodontist and both the specialist and your general dentist will work together to maintain your periodontal health.
THE STAGES OF GUM DISEASE
HEALTHY GUMS	GINGIVITIS
Gums are firm, coral pink in color and do not bleed. No gum recession is present. Teeth are held firmly in place with no damage to supporting bone structure.	Gums appear red and swollen Bleeding may occur when gums are touched. Teeth are still firmly in place with no damage to supporting bone structure.
PERIODONTITIS	ADVANCED PERIODONTITIS
Loss of gum/tooth attachment occurs. Pockets form between teeth and gums. Tissue that binds teeth to bone is inflamed. Bone loss occurs.	Gums recede dramatically from teeth. Pockets deepen severely and may hold pus. Teeth become extremely loose and may fall out or need to be extracted. Severe bone loss occurs.